
The chemise seems to have developed from the Roman Tunica and first became popular in the European middle ages. Women wore shifts or chemises underneath their gowns or robes; men wore chemises with their trousers or Braies, and covered the chemises with garments such as couples, robes, etc. It was in that time, usually the only piece of clothing that was washed regularly.
In the Western countries fall woman shirts not out of fashion until the early 20th century, when they generally by Brassi?res, girdles, and full slips were replaced. Man's chemises may be said to survive as the common t-shirt, which still serves as an undergarment. The chemise also morphed into the kiel-japon, a garment worn by English laborers until the early 20th century. The loose cut and wide sleeves were well adapted to heavy labour. The name Smock is still used today for military combat jackets in the United Kingdom, while in the Belgian army the term has been corrupted to smoke-vest.